Born in San Francisco, California, Sarah Lane began her dance training in Memphis, Tennessee under the direction of Pat Gillispie at the Memphis Classical Ballet. When her family moved to Rochester, New York, she continued instruction with Timothy Draper and Jamey Leverett at the Draper Center for Dance Education.
When Lane was 16, she received a full scholarship to the Boston Ballet's Summer Program. In 2000 and 2001, she was awarded first place and the Capezio Class Excellence Award at the North American Ballet Festival. Lane was the Silver Medalist, the highest medal in the Junior Division, at the Jackson International Ballet Competition (2002).
Lane joined American Ballet Theatre’s studio company in 2002, joined the main company as an apprentice in August 2003, became a member of the Company's corps de ballet in April 2004 and was appointed a Soloist in July 2007 and Principal Dancer in 2017.
Lane was a recipient of the Princess Grace Award in 2007 and Leonore Annenberg Fellowship in the Arts in 2008. She was the dancing double for Natalie Portman in Fox Searchlight Pictures' feature film Black Swan. Sarah is currently pursuing her Bachelor of Fine Arts degree.